Human Genetics


 

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Table 1: The 20 amino acids found in proteins.

 

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Amino acid    Abbreviation      Amino acid     Abbreviation

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Alanine                 Ala                Leucine             Leu

Arginine                Arg               Lysine               Lys

Asparagine           Asn               Methionine       Met

Aspartic acid        Asp               Phenylalanine   Phe

Cysteine               Cys                Proline              Pro

Glutamic acid       Glu                 Serine               Ser

Glutamine             Gln                Threonine         Thr

Glycine                  Gly                Tryptophan       Tryp

Histidine                His                Tyrosine            Tyr

Isoleucine              Ile                 Valine               Val

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Table 2: Genetic code in RNA, consisting of 64 triplet combinations and their corresponding amino acids.

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                                           Second Letter

                 ------------------------------------------------   

                  U                     C                     A                  G

           -----------        -----------      -----------      -----------

            UUU Phe           UCU Ser       UAU Tyr       UGU Cys

UUC Phe           UCC Ser       UAC Tyr       UGC Cys

  U

UUA Leu            UCA Ser       UAA (term)    UGA (term)

UUG Leu            UCG ser       UAG (term)     UGG Tryp

           -----------           -----------      -----------      -----------

CUU Leu            CCU Pro       CAU His         CGU Arg

CUC Leu            CCC Pro       CAC His         CGC Arg

  C

CUA Leu            CCA Pro       CAA Gln       CGA Arg

CUG Leu            CCG Pro       CAG Gln       CGG Arg

            -----------         -----------      -----------    -----------

AUU Ile            ACU Thr       AAU Asn         AGU Ser

AUC Ile            ACC Thr       AAC Asn         AGC Ser

  A

AUA Ile            ACA Thr       AAA Lys         AGA Arg

AUG Met (init) ACG Thr       AAG Lys         AGG Arg

           -----------         -----------      -----------     -----------

GUU Val            GCU Ala       GAU Asp       GGU Gly

GUC Val            GCC Ala       GAC Asp       GGC Gly

  G

GUA Val            GCA Ala       GAA Glu       GGA Gly

     GUG Val     GCG Ala  GAG Glu   GGG Gly

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term = terminator sequence, init = initiator sequence